ĝhei-1, ĝhēi-

    ĝhei-1, ĝhēi-

    English meaning: to drive; to throw; to wound

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “antreiben, lebhaft bewegen (schleudern) or bewegt sein”; “(geschleudertes) Geschoß”

    Note: from the meaning “Geschoß” or at most verbal “whereupon toss, fling, meet” kann “verwunden” (group B) has derived (root form ĝhei-s-).

    Material: A. ĝhei- “antreiben”: O.Ind. hinṓ ti, hínvati (participle háyant-) “treibt an, schleudert”, participle hitá-ḥ; hēmá nn. “ eagerness “; hētí-ḥ m. “Geschoß” (compare Gmc. *gaidü); Av. zaēni- “ astir, keen, eager”, zaēman- “ active, awake”, n. “Regsamkeit, Muntersein, Wachsein”, zaēnahvant- (from a *zaēnah- n.) “wachend, watchful, wakeful”; zaēna- m. “weapon”, zaya- m. “(*weapon), appliance, Ausrũstungsgegenstand”, zayan- “bewaffnet”. Also O.Ind. háya-ḥ ‘steed” = Arm. ji, gen. jioy ds. here as “das Lebhafte”?; langob. gaida f. ‘spear, javelin”, O.E. güd f. ‘sting, prick, cusp, peak, Stecken”, PN O.H.G. Gaido; in addition O.Ice. gedda f. “Hecht” < geiðida, compare lapp. kaito ds.; Goth. langob. gain- “weapon” in PN (Gainhard, Gainwald), O.E. gǣ n- in PN; Goth. *gails m. ‘spear, javelin” in PN Gēl-mīrus, O.E. Gül-frið, O.H.G. Geil-muot. B. ĝheis- “verwunden”: O.Ind. hḗ ṣ as- n. “Geschoß” (kann but also IE *ĝhaiso-s sein, see there); in addition probably hį́sati (previously nachved. hinásti) ‘schädigt, verletzt”; O.Ir. gōite “vulneratus”, M.Ir. güetas “qui occidit” (*ĝhoizd-); Lith. žeidžiù , žeidžiaũ, žeĩ sti “verwunden”, žaizdà “wound”. The same d-extension by ĝheis : ĝheizd- “aufgebracht”.

    References: WP. I 546, Pokorny Urillyrier 64, Holthausen Goth. etym. Wb. 34.

    See also: compare still ĝheis-, ĝheizd- “aufgebracht sein”, as well as ĝhaiso-.